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Table 1 Contingency table of court judgments using specific technology (left) versus offence type (top) (\(\chi ^2(10)=350.48, p<0.001\), Cramer’s V\(=0.36, p<0.001\), \(\alpha =0.01\)). Boldface percentages are discussed in the text

From: Going dark? Analysing the impact of end-to-end encryption on the outcome of Dutch criminal court cases

Judgments

Property

Violent

Public order

Drug

Weapon

Other

Total

 

Offence

Offence

Offence

Offence

Offence

Offence

Row

Column (%)

WhatsApp

119

182

39

41

11

45

437

 
 

27.2%

41.6%

8.9%

9.4%

2.5%

10.3%

100%

32.5

PGP

30

60

50

233

12

54

439

 
 

6.8%

13.7%

11.4%

53.1%

2.7%

12.3%

100%

32.6

Comparison

122

116

41

69

12

109

469

 
 

26.0%

24.7%

8.7%

14.7%

2.6%

23.2%

100%

34.9

Total

271

358

130

343

35

208

1,345

 
 

20.1%

26.6%

9.7%

25.5%

2.6%

15.5%

100.0%

100.0

Hartel et al. (2022)

27.9%

31.6%

9.7%

12.1%

3.1%

15.6%