|
Advertising Standards Authority and Committees of Advertising Practice
|
(2019)
|
Report
|
Advertising
|
Anecdotal
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
Unspecified fraud
|
Not reported
|
|
Australian Competition & Consumer Commission
|
(2018)
|
Report
|
Trade regulation
|
Scams reported to the ACCC
|
N/A
|
Bitcoin, Ether
|
Fake ICOs, pyramid schemes, ransomware, other scams
|
Fully reported
|
|
Australian Competition & Consumer Commission
|
(2020)
|
Report
|
Trade regulation
|
Scams reported to the ACCC and data from other Australian government agencies
|
N/A
|
Bitcoin, Ethereum, DSH, Ripple, Litecoin, EOS
|
Investment scams / Ponzi schemes, cloud mining cryptocurrency scams, celebrity endorsement scams
|
Fully reported
|
|
Capobianco, U.S. Department of Justice (to OECD)
|
(2019)
|
Memorandum
|
Legal
|
Court cases
|
N/A
|
Bitcoin
|
High yield investment programme, mining scam, cryptojacking,
|
Not reported
|
|
Elder & Rotunda, Texas State Securities Board
|
(2018)
|
Report
|
Financial Services
|
Investigations conducted
|
Descriptive analysis / N/A
|
Bitcoin, Ethereum, Litecoin, Ripple, Potcoin, Dogecoin, My Big Coin, Ponzicoin, Bitconnect Coins, DavorCoin, R2B
|
Unspecified fraud, high yield investment programme, fraudulent securities offerings
|
Not reported
|
|
Elwell et al., Congressional Research Service
|
(2014)
|
Report
|
Legislative
|
Court case
|
N/A
|
Bitcoin
|
Unspecified fraud, Ponzi scheme
|
Not reported
|
|
FSMA Belgium
|
(2020)
|
Alert
|
Financial Services
|
Consumer complaints
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
High yield investment programme, unspecified fraud
|
not reported
|
|
Garg et al., Department of Economic Affairs, Ministry of Finance, India
|
(2019)
|
Report and Bill
|
Finance
|
Anecdotal evidence, other studies
|
N/A
|
Bitcoin, Ethereum, Ripple, Cardano, Zerocoin (not mentioned in connection with fraud specifically)
|
Ponzi schemes, phishing, price manipulation
|
Not reported
|
|
HM Treasury, Financial Conduct Authority, Bank of England
|
(2018)
|
Report
|
Financial services
|
Qualitative consumer research, Action Fraud data
|
N/A
|
Bitcoin
|
Manipulation and market abuse, unspecified fraud, High yield investment programmes, fraudulent ICOs, cryptojacking, false signals of supply and demand (like wash trading, layering, spoofing), pump-and-dumps
|
Fully reported
|
|
Leuz (to U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission)
|
(2018)
|
Policy brief
|
Financial Services
|
Anecdotal
|
N/A
|
Proof of Weak Hands Coin
|
Pump-and-dumps, Ponzi scheme
|
Not reported
|
|
Lockhart & Nuesser, Innovative Research Group, Inc. (Report to Ontario Securities Commission)
|
(2018)
|
Report
|
Financial Services
|
Survey, anecdotal evidence
|
Descriptive statistics
|
Bitcoin, Ether, Litecoin, Bitcoin Cash, Ripple (in terms of ownership, not fraud)
|
ICO fraud
|
Not reported
|
|
Malta Financial Services Authority
|
(2019)
|
Alert
|
Financial Services
|
Anecdotal
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
Unspecified fraud
|
Not reported
|
|
Manojlovic, Vancouver Police Department
|
(2019)
|
Report and Resolutions
|
Law Enforcement
|
Police data
|
N/A
|
Bitcoin
|
Income tax scam (phishing style but referred to as above), other scams
|
Not reported
|
|
Nelson, Congressional Research Service
|
(2019)
|
Testimony
|
Legislative
|
Other studies
|
N/A
|
N/A (lots of cryptocurrencies discussed but not in context of fraud)
|
ICO scams
|
Not reported
|
|
NHS National Services Scotland
|
(2020)
|
Intelligence Alert
|
Healthcare
|
Anecdotal evidence
|
N/A
|
Bitcoin
|
COVID-related scams, cryptojacking, high yield investment programme, phishing, malware
|
Partially reported
|
|
Scott, Congressional Research Service
|
(2020)
|
Report
|
Legislative
|
Court cases
|
N/A
|
Bitcoin
|
Unfair and deceptive acts, unspecified fraud
|
Not reported
|
|
Securities and Exchange Commission Philippines
|
(2020)
|
Alert
|
Financial Services
|
Anecdotal evidence
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
Ponzi scheme
|
Fully reported
|
