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Table 7 Linear model of change in self-reported ‘lockdown compliance’ between waves 2 and 3 (high scores = less ‘compliance’)

From: Functional and dysfunctional fear of COVID-19: a classification scheme

 

Coeff.

Std error

P-value

95% CI

Constant

1.28

0.61

0.03

0.09

2.47

Knowledge about COVID-19 at wave 2

− 0.01

0.15

0.93

− 0.30

0.27

Deterrence (perceived chance of police intervention in the event of non-compliance) at wave 2a

− 0.12

0.11

0.27

− 0.33

0.09

Perceived legal legitimacy at wave 2a

0.14

0.14

0.31

− 0.13

0.42

Perceived police legitimacy at wave 2a

− 0.03

0.15

0.85

− 0.32

0.26

Social norms regarding social distancing at wave 2a

− 0.12

0.11

0.29

− 0.34

0.10

Expressive function of the law at wave 2a

0.27

0.11

0.01

0.06

0.49

Functional worry about catching COVID-19 at wave 2

− 0.07

0.21

0.74

− 0.35

0.49

Dysfunctional worry about catching COVID-19 at wave 2

− 0.02

0.17

0.92

− 0.31

0.34

Knowledge about COVID-19 at wave 3

− 0.01

0.15

0.96

− 0.30

0.28

Deterrence (perceived chance of police intervention in the event of non-compliance) at wave 3a

− 0.17

0.10

0.08

− 0.36

0.02

Perceived legal legitimacy at wave 3a

− 0.19

0.15

0.20

− 0.48

0.10

Perceived police legitimacy at wave 3a

0.25

0.16

0.12

− 0.07

0.56

Social norms regarding social distancing at wave 3a

− 0.02

0.11

0.84

− 0.24

0.19

Expressive function of the law at wave 3a

− 0.29

0.11

0.01

− 0.50

− 0.07

Age gender interaction: 16–24 femaleb

0.40

0.35

0.25

− 0.28

1.08

25–44 maleb

− 0.10

0.32

0.75

− 0.73

0.53

25–44 femaleb

0.27

0.30

0.37

− 0.31

0.85

45–64 maleb

− 0.13

0.38

0.74

− 0.89

0.63

45–64 femaleb

− 0.50

0.35

0.16

− 1.19

0.19

65 + maleb

− 0.59

0.91

0.52

− 2.37

1.20

65 + femaleb

− 0.09

0.70

0.90

− 1.47

1.29

City: Cardiffc

− 0.64

0.37

0.08

− 1.36

0.08

Edinburghc

− 0.30

0.35

0.40

− 0.99

0.40

Glasgowc

0.01

0.36

0.98

− 0.69

0.72

Leedsc

0.62

0.36

0.08

− 0.08

1.33

Liverpoolc

− 0.09

0.37

0.80

− 0.82

0.63

Londonc

0.14

0.29

0.65

− 0.44

0.71

Manchesterc

0.46

0.36

0.20

− 0.24

1.16

Newcastlec

0.35

0.38

0.36

− 0.40

1.10

Sheffieldc

0.46

0.37

0.22

− 0.27

1.20

None of thesec

− 0.05

0.39

0.91

− 0.81

0.72

  1. Linear regression model estimated using Stata 15. Source: Waves 2 and 3 of Policing the pandemic. Total n = 1980
  2. OR odds ratio, CI confidence intervals
  3. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001
  4. aComponent scores saved from principal components analysis
  5. bReference category: 16–24 male
  6. cReference category: Birmingham