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Table 4 Previous experience with COVID-19, and worry group

From: Functional and dysfunctional fear of COVID-19: a classification scheme

  Dependent variable
Functional Worry Dysfunctional Worry Functional Worry Dysfunctional Worry
(1) (2) (3) (4)
Had COVID-19 2.439 1.012 2.076 0.936
(0.293) (0.178) (0.348) (0.215)
p = 0.003*** p = 0.946 p = 0.036** p = 0.757
Affected by COVID-19 0.979 1.465 0.860 1.458
(0.127) (0.091) (0.162) (0.108)
p = 0.866 p = 0.00003*** p = 0.349 p = 0.0005***
Age 25–44a    0.889 1.238
(0.267) (0.207)
p = 0.660 p = 0.303
Age 45–64a    2.264 1.611
(0.351) (0.304)
p = 0.020** p = 0.117
Age 65+a    2.081 2.085
(0.760) (0.657)
p = 0.335 p = 0.264
Female (ref: Male)    1.252 1.310
(0.217) (0.170)
p = 0.301 p = 0.113
White (ref: BAME)    0.883 1.113
(0.298) (0.234)
p = 0.676 p = 0.648
Is keyworker    0.978 0.964
(0.040) (0.031)
p = 0.577 p = 0.233
Cardiffb    1.889 1.256
(0.667) (0.450)
p = 0.341 p = 0.613
Edinburghb    2.968 1.698
(0.626) (0.425)
p = 0.083* p = 0.213
Glasgowb    2.392 0.841
(0.610) (0.424)
p = 0.153 p = 0.683
Leedsb    2.445 2.138
(0.630) (0.410)
p = 0.156 p = 0.064*
Liverpoolb    2.759 1.532
(0.622) (0.419)
p = 0.103 p = 0.309
Londonb    2.630 1.282
(0.533) (0.336)
p = 0.070* p = 0.460
Manchesterb    2.730 1.025
(0.600) (0.414)
p = 0.094* p = 0.953
Newcastleb    1.654 0.950
(0.722) (0.480)
p = 0.486 p = 0.915
Sheffieldb    3.390 0.975
(0.607) (0.435)
p = 0.045** p = 0.954
Constant 0.016 0.969 0.014 0.922
(1.152) (0.686) (1.510) (0.933)
p = 0.0004*** p = 0.963 p = 0.005*** p = 0.932
Akaike Inf. Crit. 2182.704 2182.704 1626.462 1626.462
  1. Multinomial logistic regression model estimated using R (package nnet). Source: Wave 2 of Policing the pandemic. Total n = 1058
  2. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001
  3. aReference category: Age 16–24
  4. bReference category: Birmingham
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