Table 4 Measures to reduce fear

a. Improve lighting at bus stops and terminals and on pathways to bus stops

b. Install new-style bus shelters (clear safety glass, brightly lit) and remove posters on the windows to increase natural surveillance

c. Trim bushes/trees near bus stops to increase visibility

d. Discourage loitering at bus stops

e. Install emergency phones at bus stops

f. Install an electronic system to provide real-time information about wait times for passengers at bus stops

g. Install CCTV where possible at bus stops and in terminals. The cameras need to be well-advertised and well protected against vandalism

h. Increase the numbers of buses at busy periods to reduce overcrowding

i. Designate “female-only” buses on very crowded bus routes