From: Measuring the impact of the state of emergency on crime trends in Japan: a panel data analysis
 | Residential | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Model 1 | Model 2 | ||||
 | B | S.E. | B | S.E. | ||
Trend | -0.363 | 0.087 | *** | 0.227 | 0.052 | *** |
Temperature | 0.559 | 0.085 | *** |  -0.058 | 0.051 |  |
State of Emergency | Â | Â | Â | Â | ||
 SoE period |  |  | 6.148 | 0.179 | *** | |
 SoE period × intensity |  |  | 3.903 | 0.356 | *** | |
Constant | 1138.719 | 272.971 | Â | -706.862 | 162.260 | Â |
sigma_u | 1.998 | Â | 1.490 | Â | ||
sigma_e | 4.033 | Â | 2.314 | Â | ||
rho | 0.197 | Â | 0.293 | Â | ||
R2 | 0.087 | Â | 0.651 | Â |
 | Workplaces | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Model 1 | Model 2 | ||||
 | B | S.E. | B | S.E. | ||
Trend | 0.630 | 0.199 | ** |  -0.589 | 0.136 | *** |
Temperature |  -1.115 | 0.194 | *** | 0.158 | 0.133 |  |
State of Emergency | Â | Â | Â | Â | ||
 SoE period |  |  |  -12.347 | 0.468 | *** | |
 SoE period × intensity |  |  |  -9.652 | 0.930 | *** | |
Constant | -1971.535 | 621.178 | Â | 1839.536 | 423.768 | Â |
sigma_u | 4.205 | Â | 2.834 | Â | ||
sigma_e | 9.179 | Â | 6.043 | Â | ||
rho | 0.173 | Â | 0.180 | Â | ||
R2 | 0.088 | Â | 0.595 | Â |
 | Transit stations | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Model 1 | Model 2 | ||||
 | B | S.E. | B | S.E. | ||
Trend | 0.825 | 0.293 | ** |  -1.270 | 0.162 | *** |
Temperature |  -1.694 | 0.285 | *** | 0.499 | 0.158 | ** |
State of Emergency | Â | Â | Â | Â | ||
 SoE period |  |  | -23.503 | 0.558 | *** | |
 SoE period × intensity |  |  | - 6.178 | 1.108 | *** | |
Constant |  -2590.326 | 914.940 |  | 3959.803 | 505.118 |  |
sigma_u | 5.313 | Â | 4.651 | Â | ||
sigma_e | 13.519 | Â | 7.204 | Â | ||
rho | 0.134 | Â | 0.294 | Â | ||
R2 | 0.138 | Â | 0.695 | Â |
 | Retail and recreation | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Model 1 | Model 2 | ||||
 | B | S.E. | B | S.E. | ||
Trend | 0.985 | 0.210 | *** | - 0.561 | 0.103 | *** |
Temperature | - 1.431 | 0.204 | *** | 0.185 | 0.101 | †|
State of Emergency | Â | Â | Â | Â | ||
 SoE period |  |  | - 16.764 | 0.355 | *** | |
 SoE period × intensity |  |  | -7.170 | 0.705 | *** | |
Constant | - 3081.507 | 654.591 |  | 1750.265 | 321.330 |  |
sigma_u | 5.011 | Â | 4.505 | Â | ||
sigma_e | 9.672 | Â | 4.583 | Â | ||
Rho | 0.212 | Â | 0.492 | Â | ||
R2 | 0.105 | Â | 0.682 | Â |
 | Grocery and pharmacy | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Model 1 | Model 2 | ||||
 | B | S.E. | B | S.E. | ||
Trend | 0.319 | 0.056 | *** | 0.056 | 0.049 | Â |
Temperature | - 0.494 | 0.055 | *** | - 0.219 | 0.048 | *** |
State of Emergency | Â | Â | Â | Â | ||
 SoE period |  |  | -2.848 | 0.168 | *** | |
 SoE period × intensity |  |  | - 169.565 | 151.857 |  | |
Constant | - 992.619 | 176.356 |  | 2.166 |  | |
sigma_u | 1.400 | Â | 1.411 | Â | ||
sigma_e | 2.606 | Â | 2.166 | Â | ||
Rho | 0.224 | Â | 0.298 | Â | ||
R2 | 0.236 | Â | 0.415 | Â |